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Titel: |
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Uncaria tomentosa (Willd.) DC.: Ethnomedicinal Use and New Pharmacological, Toxicological and Botanical Results |
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Autor(en): |
Keplinger K, Laus G, Wurm M, Dierich M, Teppner H |
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Quelle: |
Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 1999; 64:23-34. |
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Abstract: |
The medicinal system of the Ashaninka Indians in Peru is portrayed. Three categories of medical disorders and healers are recognized. A human is viewed to consist of a physical and a spiritual being who communicate with each other by means of a regulating element. The significance of Uncaria tomentosa (Willd.) DC. (Rubiaceae), locally known as uña de gato, in traditional medicine is emphasized by its exclusive use by priests to influence this regulation. Pharmacological and toxicological results obtained with extracts or isolated compounds are summarized. Pentacyclic oxindole alkaloids stimulate endothelial cells in vitro to produce a lymphocyte-proliferation-regulating factor. Tetracyclic oxindole alkaloids act as antagonists. A significant normalization of lymphocyte percentage was observed in vivo although total leucocyte numbers did not change. |
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Titel: |
Pharmacological Activities of Two Chemotypes of Uncaria tomentosa (Willd.) DC |
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Autor(en): |
Laus G, Keplinger K, Wurm M, Dierich MP |
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Quelle: |
Presented at the 46th Annual Congress of the Society for Medicinal Plant Research, Vienna, Austria, 1998. |
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Abstract: |
Oxindole alkaloids are interesting lead candidates for pharmacological and medicinal research. The in-vitro results were confirmed by a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial on rheumatoid arthritis which has been finished only recently. Moreover, in numerous, well-documented case studies with patients suffering from allergies, HIV, and tumor treatment side effects — whenever an over-reacting or deficient immune system is present — the oral application of root extracts containing only pentacyclic oxindole alkaloids significantly improved the situation. The use of extracts of uncontrolled mixtures of both chemotypes of Uncaria tomentosa in many commercial preparations is — in the light of the antagonistic in-vitro effects — at least of doubtful value. Therefore, Krallendorn®-products which are produced from a controlled harvest of Uncaria tomentosa root to contain solely pentacyclic oxindole alkaloids are the choice with respect to the traditional use in order ''to restore the communication between body and spirit,'' the harmony of immunologic processes. |
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Titel: |
The Alkaloids of Uncaria tomentosa and their Phagocytosis-Stimulating Action |
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Autor(en): |
Wagner H, Kreutzkamp B, Jurcic K |
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Quelle: |
Planta Medica. 1985; 5:419-423. |
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Abstract: |
From the roots of Uncaria tomentosa six oxindol alkaloids have been isolated and identified as isopteropodin, pteropodin, mitraphyllin, isomitraphyllin, rynchophyllio and isorynchophyllin. By ion pair chromatography on HPLC a fingerprint analysis has been worked out which allowed to differentiate between various Unicaria-species and drug preparations. With the exception of mitraphyllin and rynchophyllin all alkaloids showed a pronounced enhancement effect on phagozytosis, determined in two in vitro tests and the in vivo-carbon clearance test. |
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Titel: |
In vitro Phagocytosis Stimulation by Isolated Plant Materials in a Chemoluminescence-Phagocytosis |
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Autor(en): |
Wagner H, Proksch A, Vollmar A, Kreutzkamp B, Bauer J |
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Quelle: |
Planta Medica. 1985; 2:139-144. |
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Abstract: |
In our search for potential stimulants of granulocyte-phagocytosis, more than 75 compounds isolated from higher plants have been investigated in the chemoluminescence-model for phagocytosis stimulating properties. The data were compared with those obtained from the microscopic test system. Both methods are suitable for systematic screening investigations. The alkaloids isopteropodin, emetin and aristolochic acid-Na, the sesquiterpenlactones helenalin and eufoliatin, the naphthoquinone plumbagin and the polysaccharides of Echinacea purp., Eupatorium perfol., Acanthopanax senticosus and Chamomilla recutita have been investigated in detail. |
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Titel: |
Pentacyclic Oxindole Alkaloids from Uncaria tomentosa Induce Human Endothelial Cells to Release a Lymphocyte-Proliferation-Regulating Factor |
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Autor(en): |
Wurm M, Kacani L, Laus G, Keplinger K, Dierich MP |
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Quelle: |
Planta Med.. 1998; 64:701-704. |
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Abstract: |
In the present study we show that pentacyclic but not tetracyclic oxindole alkaloids from Uncaria tomentosa (Willd.) DC. (Rubiaceae) induced EA.hy926 endothelial cells to release some yet to be determined factor(s) into the supernatant; this factor was shown to significantly enhance proliferation of normal human resting or weakly activated B and T lymphocytes. In contrast, proliferation of normal human lymphoblasts and of both the human lymphoblastoid B cell line Raji and the human lymphoblastoid T cell line jurkat was inhibited significantly while cell viability was not affected. Tetracyclic oxindole alkaloids dose-dependently reduce the activity of pentacyclic oxindole alkaloids on human endothelial cells. |
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Titel: |
Antiinflammatory actions of cat's claw: the role of NF-kappaB. |
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Autor(en): |
Sandoval-Chacon M, Thompson JH, Zhang XJ, Liu X, Mannick EE, Sadowska-Krowicka H, Charbonnet RM, Clark DA, Miller MJ. |
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Quelle: |
Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1998 Dec;12(12):1279-89 |
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Abstract: |
BACKGROUND: Uncaria tomentosa is a vine commonly known as cat's claw or 'una de gato' (UG) and is used in traditional Peruvian medicine for the treatment of a wide range of health problems, particularly digestive complaints and arthritis. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the proposed anti-inflammatory properties of cat's claw. Specifically: (i) does a bark extract of cat's claw protect against oxidant-induced stress in vitro, and (ii) to determine if UG modifies transcriptionally regulated events. METHODS: Cell death was determined in two cell lines, RAW 264.7 and HT29 in response to peroxynitrite (PN, 300 microM). Gene expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in HT29 cells, direct effects on nitric oxide and peroxynitrite levels, and activation of NF-kappaB in RAW 264.7 cells as influenced by UG were assessed. Chronic intestinal inflammation was induced in rats with indomethacin (7.5 mg/kg), with UG administered orally in the drinking water (5 mg/mL). RESULTS: The administration of UG (100 microg/mL) attenuated (P < 0.05) peroxynitrite-induced apoptosis in HT29 (epithelial) and RAW 264.7 cells (macrophage). Cat's claw inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced iNOS gene expression, nitrite formation, cell death and inhibited the activation of NF-kappaB. Cat's claw markedly attenuated indomethacin-enteritis as evident by reduced myeloperoxidase activity, morphometric damage and liver metallothionein expression. CONCLUSIONS: Cat's claw protects cells against oxidative stress and negated the activation of NF-kappaB. These studies provide a mechanistic evidence for the widely held belief that cat's claw is an effective anti-inflammatory agent. |
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Titel: |
Cat's claw inhibits TNFalpha production and scavenges free radicals: role in cytoprotection. |
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Autor(en): |
Sandoval M, Charbonnet RM, Okuhama NN, Roberts J, Krenova Z, Trentacosti AM, Miller MJ. |
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Quelle: |
Free Radic Biol Med 2000 Jul 1;29(1):71-8 |
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Abstract: |
Cat's claw (Uncaria tomentosa) is a medicinal plant from the Amazon River basin that is widely used for inflammatory disorders and was previously described as an inhibitor of NF-kappaB. Cat's claw was prepared as a decoction (water extraction) of micropulverized bark with and without concentration by freeze-drying. Murine macrophages (RAW 264.7 cells) were used in cytotoxicity assays (trypan blue exclusion) in response to the free radical 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrilhydrazyl (DPPH, 0.3 microM) and ultraviolet light (UV) light. TNFalpha production was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS 0.5 microg/ml). Cat's claw was an effective scavenger of DPPH; the EC(50) value for freeze-dried concentrates was significantly less than micropulverized (18 vs. 150 microg/ml, p \.05). Cat's claw (10 microg/ml freeze-dried) was fully protective against DPPH and UV irradiation-induced cytotoxicity. LPS increased TNFalpha media levels from 3 to 97 ng/ml. Cat's claw suppressed TNFalpha production by approximately 65-85% (p <.01) but at concentrations considerably lower than its antioxidant activity: freeze-dried EC(50) = 1.2 ng/ml, micropulverized EC(50) = 28 ng/ml. In conclusion, cat's claw is an effective antioxidant, but perhaps more importantly a remarkably potent inhibitor of TNFalpha production. The primary mechanism for cat's claw anti-inflammatory actions appears to be immunomodulation via suppression of TNFalpha synthesis. |
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Titel: |
Stimulation of Interleukin-1 and -6 Production in Alveolar Macrophages by the Neotropical Liana, Uncaria tomentosa (Uña de Gato) |
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Autor(en): |
Lemaire I, Assinewe V, Cano P, Awang DVC, Arnason JT |
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Quelle: |
Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 1999; 64:109-115. |
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Abstract: |
Two extracts of different collections of the traditional medicine uña de gato (Uncaria tomentosa) from Peru were characterized by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography as containing approximately 6 mg/g total oxindole content prior to studies with alveolar macrophages. The plant preparations greatly stimulated IL-1 and IL-6 production by rat macrophages in a dose dependent manner in the range of 0.025-0.1 mg/ml. They were also able to enhance IL-1 and -6 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. The results suggest a strong immunostimulant action of this plant. |
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Titel: |
Plant metabolites. New compounds and anti-inflammatory activity of Uncaria tomentosa. |
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Autor(en): |
Aquino R, De Feo V, De Simone F, Pizza C, Cirino G. |
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Quelle: |
J Nat Prod 1991 Mar-Apr;54(2):453-9 |
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Abstract: |
Bioassay-directed fractionation of the anti-inflammatory extracts of Uncaria tomentosa, using the carrageenan-induced edema in rat paw, has led to the isolation of a new quinovic acid glycoside 7 as one of the active principles. Furthermore, a new triterpene 8 was isolated as its methyl ester. The structures were elucidated by spectral and chemical studies. PMID: 1919590 |
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Titel: |
Evaluation of the In Vitro Antioxidant Activity in Extracts of Uncaria tomentosa (Willd.) DC. |
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Autor(en): |
Desmarchelier C, Mungelli E, Coussio J, Ciccia G |
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Quelle: |
Phytotherapy Research. 1997; 11:254-256. |
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Abstract: |
Different extracts of U. tomentosa were tested in vitro for their antioxidant activity utilizing tert-butyl-hydroperoxide-initiated chemiluminescence in rat liver homogenates. Methanol fractions of both stem-bark and roots were capable of exerting antioxidant activity by this technique. The presence of different concentrations of bark and root methanol extracts also prevented TBARS production and free radical-mediated DNA-sugar damage. |
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Titel: |
The negative chronotropic effect of isorhynchophylline and its mechanism |
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Autor(en): |
Zhu Y. |
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Quelle: |
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 1993 Dec;18(12):745-7, 764 |
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Abstract: |
Isorhynchophylline (2-4 mg/kg i.v.) can produce a negative chronotropic effect in rats without influencing blood pressure. This negative chronotropic effect has nothing to do with cardiac M, beta and H2 receptors, but may be related to the block of calcium. |
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Titel: |
Inhibitory effect of rhynchophylline on platelet aggregation and thrombosis. |
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Autor(en): |
Chen CX, Jin RM, Li YK, Zhong J, Yue L, Chen SC, Zhou JY. |
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Quelle: |
Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao 1992 Mar;13(2):126-30 |
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Abstract: |
Rhynchophylline (Rhy) inhibited rabbit platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid (AA), collagen, and ADP. The values of IC50 were 0.72, 0.74, and 0.67 mmol.L-1, respectively. Rhy reduced the thromboxane B2 (TXB2) generation in PRP induced by collagen but failed to reduce that induced by AA. Rhy suppressed malondialdehyde (MDA) formation in platelet suspension stimulated by thrombin, inhibited the platelet factor 4 (PF4) release. It did not alter intraplatelet cAMP concentration. Rhy 10-20 mg.kg-1 iv showed a significant inhibition of venous thrombosis and cerebral thrombosis in rats. |
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Titel: |
Effects of rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline on blood pressure and blood flow of organs in anesthetized dogs] |
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Autor(en): |
Shi JS, Liu GX, Wu Q, Huang YP, Zhang XD. |
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Quelle: |
Erratum in: Chung Kuo Yao Li Hsueh Pao 1992 Jul;13(4):306 |
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Abstract: |
In anesthetized thoracotomized dogs, rhynchophylline (Rhy 5 mg.kg-1, iv) reduced the mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and coronary blood flow (CBF) by 1.16 +/- s 0.67 kPa, 19 +/- 12 beats/min, and 0.12 +/- 0.04 ml.min-1.g-1, whereas isorhynchophylline (Isorhy 1 mg.kg-1, iv) reduced the parameters by 3.58 +/- 0.19 kPa, 26 +/- 18 beats/min, and 0.10 +/- 0.04 ml.min-1.g-1, respectively. In unthoracotomized dogs, Rhy (10 mg.kg-1, iv) decreased renal blood flow (RBF) by 0.35 +/- 0.16 ml.min-1.g-1, but did not change the MAP. Isorhy (5 mg.kg-1, iv) reduced the MAP by 3.44 +/- 1.44 kPa, but the RBF remained unaffected. These results indicated that the hypotensive effect of Isorhy in a dosage not affecting RBF was more potent than that of Rhy. |
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Titel: |
Evaluation of the toxicity of Uncaria tomentosa by baioassay in vitro |
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Autor(en): |
Santa Maria A, Lopez A, Diaz MM, Alban J, Galan de Mera A, Vicente Orellana JA, Pozuelo JM. |
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Quelle: |
J Ethnopharmacol 1997 Aug;57(3):183-187 |
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Abstract: |
Aqueous extracts of Uncaria tomentosa (Willdenow ex Roemer and Schultes) DC. (Rubiaceae) ('Una de gato'), were analyzed for the presence of toxic compounds in Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO) and bacterial cells (Photobacterium phosphoreum). Toxicity was evaluated by four systems: Neutral red assay (NR), total protein content (KB), tetrazolium assay (MTT) and Microtox test. The extracts of U. tomentosa did not show toxicity in vitro at the concentrations tested. Testing in vitro could be a valuable tool for evaluating toxicity of medicinal plants. |
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Titel: |
Mutagenic and antimutagenic activities of Uncaria tomentosa and its extracts. |
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Autor(en): |
Rizzi R, Re F, Bianchi A, De Feo V, de Simone F, Bianchi L, Stivala LA. |
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Quelle: |
J Ethnopharmacol 1993 Jan;38(1):63-77 |
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Abstract: |
Mutagenic and antimutagenic activities of extracts and chromatographic fractions of Uncaria tomentosa bark are reported. The plant extracts and fractions show no mutagenic effect in different strains of Salmonella typhimurium with and without metabolic activation. However, the plant extracts and fractions show a protective antimutagenic effect in vitro against photomutagenesis induced by 8-methoxy-psoralen (8-MOP) plus UVA in S. typhimurium TA 102. A decoction of U. tomentosa ingested daily for 15 days by a smoker decreased the mutagenicity induced in S. typhimurium TA98 and TA100 by the subject's urine. PMID: 8479203 |
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